Ideas, opinions, politics, humanities
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How the right-left spectrum disappeared in Europe
The everlasting, vigorous fight between the left and right in Europe is beyond the memory of those born in the 2000s. Who has more scandals? Who steals more? Whose political marketing is better? The debate revolved around changing taxes and sometimes even reforming the economy and health care. Everything followed either right-wing or left-wing policies.…
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Is philosophy merely waiting to become science?
There is another explanation for why philosophy still exists. It is one of the most controversial ideas in the philosophy of science. According to this view, philosophy has not failed because it cannot answer questions. Rather, it continuously transforms into science whenever reliable methods become available. In other words, philosophy is not a permanent discipline.…
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Philosophy cannot define itself: 2,500 years and still no definition
What is philosophy? It sounds like one of the simplest questions imaginable. Ask a physicist what physics studies. They will tell you it investigates matter, energy, forces, and the laws governing the universe. Ask a biologist what biology studies. They will answer that it examines living organisms and the processes of life. Ask a linguist…
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Why are almost all people with an IQ of 180 predicted to be men?
People often assume that intelligence researchers believe men are smarter than women. In reality, that is not the mainstream scientific position. Decades of research have found that men and women have essentially the same average IQ. If a difference exists, it is so small that it has little practical significance. The real controversy begins elsewhere,…
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When philosophy becomes a joke
Philosophy has always asked humanity’s biggest questions. What is reality? Can we know anything with certainty? Does free will exist? What makes an action morally right? These questions have occupied some of the greatest minds in history, and the answers continue to shape science, politics, religion, and everyday life. Unlike mythology or theology, philosophy built…
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“Till we meet forever.” Can delusions become any deeper?
“Till we meet forever.” People say it at funerals with complete sincerity. They believe they will see their loved ones again. Death is not the end. It is merely a temporary separation. That single sentence reveals something remarkable about the human mind. Hundreds of millions of Americans sincerely believe not only that an afterlife exists,…
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It is natural: Should we bring back infanticide?
“It is perfectly natural.” Few arguments sound more convincing. People invoke nature to defend traditional gender roles, justify eating meat, condemn homosexuality, excuse aggression, or claim that hierarchy and inequality will always remain necessary. Although the subjects differ, the hidden conclusion remains the same. If something is natural, it must also be morally acceptable. This…
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Pride marches: Beneficial or detrimental?
Few social movements have changed Western society as profoundly as the fight for LGBTQ+ rights. A few decades ago, many gay men and lesbians lived in fear. They concealed their relationships from their families. They worried about losing their jobs. In many countries, the state itself treated them as criminals. Some ended up in prison.…
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When Popes murdered – and were murdered
The Pope stands as a figure of supreme spiritual authority. He bridges the divine and the temporal. Yet the history of the Roman Catholic Church contains more than faith and salvation. A darker thread runs through its two-thousand-year narrative. The Church used violence. It wielded the ultimate punishment. Many know the Church as a victim…
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Why DNA can’t explain schizophrenia, intelligence, or appearance
Genetic research has become extraordinarily powerful. Scientists can sequence an entire human genome. They can compare millions of genetic variants between people. They can identify regions of DNA associated with schizophrenia, depression, height, facial structure, intelligence, and countless other characteristics. Nevertheless, finding genetic differences does not mean understanding them. We often imagine genes as individual…